电加工与模具

凹槽预加工是发动机机匣低成本制造的难点环节，采用电解加工技术有利于实现机匣凹槽的低应变、高效加工。针对凹槽电解预加工时电解液可达性差的问题，提出了一种栅形阴极结构，建立了横置、纵置、对称斜置三种出液缝排布方式的栅形阴极流道模型，并进行了仿真分析与加工试验。结果表明，采用横置排布方式时，电解液的可达性最佳，可在最大进给速度0.6 mm/min下实现机匣凹槽良好的电解预加工成形，材料蚀除速率达到3 611.11 mm³/min，验证了栅形阴极结构的有效性。

Pre-machining of the endwall groove is a critical challenge in the low-cost manufacturing of engine casings,while electrochemical machining facilitates the achievement of lowstrain and high-efficiency machining for endwall grooves. To address the issue of poor electrolyte accessibility in the electrochemical pre-machining of endwall grooves,an electrochemical machining method using grid-type cathode was proposed. Three types of flow field models for grid-type cathodes with horizontal,vertical and symmetric arrangements were established,and simulation analyses and comparative machining experiments were conducted. The result demonstrated that electrolyte accessibility is optimal when using the horizontally arranged grid-type cathode. Positive electrochemical pre-machining of the endwall groove using the horizontally arranged grid-type cathode was achieved at a maximum feed rate of 0.6 mm/min,which achieving a material removal rate of 3 611.11 mm³/min,confirming the effectiveness of the electrochemical machining method using grid-type cathode.